7th December. Queensland Country Life by James Nason
This is a
story of two Als. One used to be the next president of the
United
States, and is now
the global face of the climate change debate. He believes an excess of carbon in
the atmosphere is cooking the planet.
The other,
Alan Lauder, was a woolgrower at Cunnamulla, and has built a name as a
passionate authority on rural land management. He has long warned that many of
agriculture's problems stem from a loss of carbon in the soil.
Both problems
are obviously related - the landscape needs more carbon and the air has too much
- and Alan Lauder believes he has the solution to addressing the imbalance
through grazing management.
However, after
years of arguing about the importance of carbon, it seems the efforts of the
other Al - former US presidential
candidate Al Gore - have created the right political environment for his
messages about carbon to finally be taken seriously.
Through the
release of the movie An Inconvenient Truth, Al Gore has galvanised public
interest in global warming and triggered a sudden but distinct shift in
mainstream political and media acceptance of climate change. He has also brought
an understanding of the role carbon plays in the environment into everyday
thinking.
With carbon
now firmly on the mainstream agenda, Mr Lauder will soon release a book
detailing what he has long termed 'carbon grazing', explaining how all of
agriculture's problems and solutions lie in how it manages carbon.
Mr Lauder is
in a position to bridge the communications gap between scientists and farmers.
The former woolgrower's lifelong dedication to studying the relationship between
grazing animals and the natural landscape has won him trust and respect in
scientific circles. He also understands the commercial realities of rural life
and knows what can and can not be achieved in everyday management.
He is
confident that he and his scientific collaborators know how to manage
agriculture and the environment in a more sustainable and profitable way.
However, despite years of trying, he has been unable to break through to the
bureaucracy and get the government-level attention required to get their ideas
widely circulated.
That may be
changing. With the seismic shift that has occurred in public interest
surrounding climate change, bureaucratic doors that were long closed have also
suddenly started opening.
The
Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Accounting has recently opened
discussions with Mr Lauder, and public support for his position (which maintains
that saltbush, when used to rest pastures, indirectly results in an increase in
landscape carbon) has appeared in the Grains Research and Development Council's
Ground Cover publication. The Queensland Murray Darling Commission has also
offered to collaborate to ensure the issues surrounding the use of saltbush in a
grazing management sense can be made more transparent.
"This is a
significant turnaround from the previous experiences of bureaucratic
indifference together with negotiations that meander along without ever
resulting in action," Mr Lauder says.
Mr Lauder's
name has become synonomous with saltbush, which in itself provides a case-study
in how he believes carbon should be managed. He believes the role carbon plays
is poorly understood in many quarters, with the exception of a handful of
scientists.
Among them is
CSIRO scientist David Freudenberger, who talks of the ecosystem services
provided by saltbush. He observes that the presence of saltbush can alter soils,
allowing grasses to re-enter degraded areas. Saltbush plantations can also be
used to rest pastures, which lets allows them to regenerate and consequently
introduce carbon directly into the landscape. In these ways, saltbush actively
promotes the carbon cycle.
Mr Lauder has
long made the case that there is a direct link between the resting of pastures
(by running stock on saltbush plots for several weeks after rain) and
environmental outcomes including water quality, salinity, lessening the impact
of drought, acid soils and greenhouse outcomes including methane production by
ruminant animals.
He recalls
that after he spoke at the 1999 International Rangeland Congress, a soil
scientist approached him and stated that the manner in which soil had changed
around the base of some old man saltbush plants growing on a claypan, from red
to cracking clay, was the most extreme case of soil change he had even seen.
However, some
bureaucratic organisations have been unable to make these links. For example,
EnviroFund recently knocked back an application by an
Inglewood producer to
establish a saltbush plantation to facilitate regular resting of pastures.
EnviroFund
explained the rejection on the grounds the landholder may achieve a private
benefit from the income he would earn from livestock grazing the saltbush while
pastures were regenerating. It did not believe there was sufficient public
benefit, despite the well-documented role of saltbush in promoting the carbon
cycle. At the same time, it approved funds for desilting of farm dams, the potential
private benefit of which was not an issue.
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